A simple refined plate theory for buckling problems of in-plane bidirectional functionally graded plates under various boundary conditions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to perform buckling analysis of in-plane bidirectional functionally graded (BIFG) plates under various boundary conditions by taking power law gradation variation of material properties. Design/methodology/approach A simple refined shear deformation theory that eliminates the use of a shear correction factor. Unlike any other theory, the number of unknown functions involved is only four, as against five in the case of other shear deformation theories. Material properties of BIFG are assumed to vary continuously along two different directions simultaneously, i.e. the longitudinal and transversal ones, respectively. Findings Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed theory. The effects of material gradations, aspect ratios and boundary conditions on BIFG plate responses are examined in detail as well. Practical implications A comprehensive analysis of BIFG plates was conducted, considering various geometric and material parameters, alongside a brief discussion of their manufacturing processes. The outcomes of this investigation serve as a valuable resource for design engineers and researchers, facilitating the fabrication of BIFG structures with optimized settings that enhance performance and reduce costs. Originality/value The buckling analysis of BIFG plates explores novel combinations of grading indices, aspect ratios and boundary conditions that have not been explored before. This study offers crucial insights for design engineers to strategically select geometry and material parameters tailored to diverse engineering applications.