Characteristics of Pore-Fracture Development in Coal Reservoirs Constrained by Coal Facies: A Case Study of the Ningdong Coalfield

/g), with SWCFPS containing the highest proportion of macropores. Average specific surface area is also greater in forest peat swamps than in WLHPS. Analysis of the fracture system indicates that WLHPS has lower porosity but the smallest proportion of isolated pores. Cleat fractures are well-developed in DFPS, although partial mineral filling reduces pore connectivity. MFPS exhibits the best pore connectivity (CT-connected porosity: 16.39%). Mechanical response analysis shows that elastic modulus decreases with increasing water coverage depth, while rigid minerals such as calcite and pyrite significantly enhance deformation resistance. Coal facies are the core controlling factor of the pore-fracture system: SWCFPS, characterized by high pore volume, preferential formation of connected macropores, and moderate gelification, represents the optimal reservoir for coalbed methane (CBM) development; the high-connectivity cleat system in DFPS requires mitigation of mineral filling risks; and the low pore volume and isolated pores in WLHPS constrain its seepage capacity.