Lpar3-mediated macrophage polarization promotes inflammatory tooth extraction socket healing and alveolar bone regeneration

Background: Delayed healing of extraction sockets under inflammatory conditions, such as periodontitis, remains a common clinical challenge. Persistent inflammation and dysregulated immune responses are increasingly recognized as key factors impairing alveolar bone regeneration; however, the underlying immunoregulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Methods: , OMPT was locally administered into inflammatory tooth extraction sockets, and alveolar bone regeneration was evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological analyses. Results: , local activation of Lpar3 restored the M1/M2 balance and significantly improved alveolar bone regeneration in inflammatory sockets. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that Lpar3-mediated macrophage polarization plays a critical role in inflammatory tooth extraction socket healing. Targeting the LPA-Lpar3 axis may represent a promising immunoregulatory strategy to enhance alveolar bone regeneration following tooth extraction under inflammatory conditions.