First Report of Kalmusia variispora Causing Bark Necrosis and Branch Dieback of Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)

. The findings expand the known host range of this opportunistic Didymosphaeriaceae species and highlight its potential role in bark and wood disease complexes of urban trees. Further research is needed to assess its distribution, genetic diversity, and epidemiological significance in urban forest ecosystems.