Психологічні засади організації проєктної діяльності в сучасному закладі вищої освіти України у процесі оволодіння іноземною мовою: від історії психологічної думки до практики іншомовної комунікації

The aim of our research is to show psychological mechanisms of organization of Project Activities in the modern system of higher education of Ukraine: from the History of Psychology to present-day practice. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling and generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. Tasks, proposed by us for students to perform at foreign language classes, actualize the psychological mechanism of the cumulative feature of recognition, which allow us quickly, almost simultaneously, formulate the person’s individual image of the world for each new task and carry out its recognition already in a view of this new construction, which will be the basis of Project Activities. Therefore, recognition itself does not become a problem for the student, because the problem will be determining the significance of the task itself. However, such a possibility under the conditions of treble perception of the task is quite doubtful in itself, but, at the same time, the student performs this task. The psychological mechanism in this case is synibularity (from Latin sinibulis – “similar”). In this case, we are talking about the synibularity of Project Activities. Conclusions. We have proven that the synibularity of Project Activity is a mechanism that actualizes the similarity, compatibility of objects in a view of their individual components, details and features. The synibularity of Project Activity is the basis for the formation of associative chains and it is one of the factors that form a certain Project as a whole. The synibular associative chain of Project Activity is a monomodal mental construction that is created due to the identical features of various object concepts that are included in the description of the Project. The fixation of synibular relations in Project Activity is based on the possibility of recognizing the object not only taking into account a stable, logical pattern, but also taking into account individual details; irradiation of the significance of the object, which is basic in Project Activity, on its basic features and the significance of their restructuring, which, in turn, affects the significance of the ranking of Project features, and the presence of form-content relationships facilitates the connection of the external features of the object with its internal qualities and characteristics.