Uncovering the Neuroprotective Effects of Tetrahydrocurcumin in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Introduction: In distinction to being utilized as a chemopreventive for multiple cancers, curcumin has also been attributed to the suppression of neurodegenerative diseases. The primary metabolite of curcumin, Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), shares many of the same molecular characteristics as the original compound. Methods: ScienceDirect, PubMed, and other portals were extensively searched to provide a systematic review of the chemical and biological features of THC in neurodegenerative diseases and a current update on its nanocarriers. Results: Several lines of data support the idea that AD pathogenesis is related to APP and Aβ. Researchers looked at how THC affected the hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice and how it prevented Aβ from inducing BV-2 cytotoxicity. This article elaborates on the anti-tumor and antiinflammatory activity of tetrahydrocurcumin and its recent advancements in nanotechnology, with various applications. Discussion: THC shows significant inhibitory effects on neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Huntington's Disease (HD). Although THC is superior to curcumin, it has limitations, such as limited bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility (especially at physiological and acidic pH), as well as a lack of stability at a high log P. Conclusion: Nanocarriers are useful tools for the delivery of tetrahydrocurcumin. Utilization of THC-loaded nanocarriers in neurodegenerative diseases still needs to be explored by researchers. They may show superior potential with enhanced self-penetration.