Unraveling the Physicochemical Landscape of Organoselenium Compounds in Nanocarrier Systems

In recent years, publications on organoselenium compounds have increased markedly, expanding their applications in therapeutic, nutraceutical, agricultural, and environmental fields. However, intrinsic properties such as high lipophilicity and chemical reactivity often limit their bioavailability and therapeutic performance. Advances in self-assembled nanostructures have enabled more efficient delivery, improving solubility and bioavailability while reducing toxicity. This review is the first to focus specifically on the physicochemical interactions governing the stability and performance of organoselenium-based nanostructures. We analyze recent formulations, emphasizing hydrophobic, van der Waals, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions that control nanocarrier behavior. Additionally, we discuss emerging strategies and future applications for the rational design of safer and more effective organoselenium delivery systems.