The Use of Coconut Oil Pulling in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases and Dental Caries - A Literature Review

Background. Modern dentistry increasingly seeks natural methods to support traditional hygiene procedures. Although oil pulling, originating from Ayurvedic medicine, has been a subject of controversy, recent studies indicate its genuine clinical efficacy. Aim. The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of coconut oil on the oral microbiome, gingival health, and plaque reduction. Material and methods. A review of the available scientific literature from the years 2016-2025 was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of coconut oil in oral hygiene. Results. A review of the literature demonstrates that coconut oil possesses unique physicochemical properties resulting from its high lauric acid content and the process of saponification. During intensive oral rinsing, the oil reacts with salivary enzymes, leading to the formation of soap-like substances that facilitate the mechanical removal of biofilm. Lauric acid has proven antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans. Clinical trials confirm that regular oil pulling leads to a statistically significant reduction in Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index (GI), achieving effects comparable to chlorhexidine, without adverse effects. Conclusions. Coconut oil pulling is an effective, safe, and cost-efficient method for supporting the prevention of periodontal diseases and dental caries. Due to its lack of toxicity, this method is particularly recommended for children and pregnant women.