Acute Impact of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus OLXAL-1 and Cistus creticus Extract on Postprandial Lipemia, Glycemia and Antioxidant Status of Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Postprandial lipemia and glycemia are associated with nutrition-dependent diseases and cardiovascular risks, while antioxidant capacity affects blood circulation and inflammatory biomarkers. This study investigated the impact of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus OLXAL-1 and antioxidant intake on the above metabolic states in a randomized crossover design with three arms. Twenty-two healthy participants consumed meals consisting of bread, butter, and yogurt products (placebo or enriched with probiotics (intervention I)) or enriched with probiotics and antioxidants (intervention II). Blood samples were collected before and 30, 90, and 180 min after meal consumption, and biomarkers of lipemia, glycemia, and antioxidant status were examined. However, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was significantly greater in the combined intervention group compared to placebo (p = 0.04), with an increase of 0.24 mmol/L at 1.5 h postprandially; this effect was time-dependent (p = 0.025). In summary, the coexistence of antioxidants and probiotics showed limited acute effects on metabolic outcomes, with an increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity observed when probiotics and antioxidants were combined, while no significant changes were detected in the remaining biomarkers across intervention groups.