Enhanced antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant potential of ciprofloxacin-loaded SDS-capped silver nanoparticles against resistant bacterial strains

), demonstrating the enhanced potency of Cip-SDS-AgNPs against prominent clinical bacterial strains. The formulation demonstrates the potential as a biocompatible, non-toxic carrier of effective drug delivery and increased antimicrobial efficacy. This study provides a new approach of repurposing ciprofloxacin by conjugation with nanoparticles, which offers a dual-action system with increased anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm performance against resistant strains.