Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation in Low-Protein Diets on Productive Performance, Digestive Function, and Intestinal Health of Laying Hens

< 0.05). However, in terms of cecal microbiota, no significant differences were observed among the experimental groups. These findings demonstrate that AA supplementation alleviates the adverse effects of low-protein diets by enhancing nutrient utilization and immune modulation, thereby improving productive performance, egg quality, and total tract retention in laying hens.