Emergent Hawking radiation and quantum sensing in a quenched chiral spin chain

We investigate the emergence and detection of Hawking radiation (HR) in a 1D chiral spin chain model, where the gravitational collapse is simulated by a sudden quantum quench that triggers a horizon-inducing phase transition. While our previous work [33] established that this model mimics black hole (BH) formation conditions even when the Hoop conjecture is seemingly violated, we here focus on the resulting stationary radiation spectrum and its detectability. By mapping the spin chain dynamics to a Dirac fermion in a curved ( 1 + 1 ) -dimensional spacetime, we analyze the radiation using two complementary approaches: field-theoretic modes and operational quantum sensors. First, using localized Gaussian wave packets to model realistic detectors, we find that the radiation spectrum exhibits deviations from the ideal Planckian form, while retaining robust Poissonian statistics that signal the loss of formation-scale information. Second, we introduce a qubit coupled globally to the chiral spin chain. Rather than acting as a localized point detector (which would break translational invariance), the qubit couples to the collective chiral excitations of the analogue spacetime, functioning as a global quantum sensor. We demonstrate that the decoherence dynamics of this macroscopic probe faithfully encode the thermal nature of the HR in the weak-coupling limit, while strong-coupling dynamics reveal non-Markovian memory effects driven by the horizon. These results provide a clear operational protocol for distinguishing genuine analog HR from environmental noise in quantum simulation platforms.