Linking the cardiometabolic index to coronary heart disease in groups with Diabetes and Prediabetes

In conjunction with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, we explored the association between cardiometabolic index (CMI), a metabolic-related indicator, and coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals living with diabetes and prediabetes. Specifically, we aimed to assess how CMI is associated with the odds of prevalent CHD in individuals with diabetes and prediabetes, and to determine whether this association holds true across various demographic subgroups within the population with diabetes and prediabetes. This study evaluated a sample of 17,286 individuals with diabetes or prediabetes across four NHANES spanning from 2001 to 2016. The principal outcome of the study was the prevalence of coronary heart disease, diagnosed using self-reported information obtained from participant questionnaires.The association between CMI and CHD prevalence in individuals with diabetes or prediabetes was assessed using logistic regression and subgroup analyses. The age (mean and standard deviation) among the enrolled participants was 56.29 ± 15.98 years.The CMI (mean and standard deviation) was − 0.262 ± 0.853, and out of 17,286 participants, 1,086 were diagnosed with CHD.A association between the CMI and CHD was found in multivariable logistical regression analysis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 1.12–1.33).Categorizing CMI into quartiles showed that participants in the highest quartile (Q4: 0.28 to 3.93) had 34% elevated odds of CHD relative to participants in the bottom quartile. (Q1: -3.53 to -0.86) (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07–1.69). This positive link was stable across different demographic subgroups. In individuals with diabetes or prediabetes, elevated CMI values are significantly connected to a higher odds of prevalent CHD, an association that remains consistent across diverse population subgroups.