Pomegranate‐Like N/O‐Doped Porous Carbon Derived From Anthracene and Shrimp Shell for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

This study prepared nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐doped porous carbon with a unique “pomegranate‐like” morphology via a one‐step carbonization‐activation method, using waste shrimp shells as a biomass template, anthracene as the carbon source, and K 2 CO 3 as the activating agent. The effect of the K 2 CO 3 dosage on the material's properties was systematically investigated. At an optimal precursor/K 2 CO 3 mass ratio, the material possesses a high specific surface area (2436.5 m 2 g −1 ), a high micropore volume (0.38 cm 3 g −1 ), and in situ heteroatom doping (N: 1.35 at.%, O: 6.54 at.%). Benefiting from its unique morphology, hierarchical porosity, and heteroatom doping, the material exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance. As a symmetric supercapacitor electrode, it delivers a specific capacitance of 315 F g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 , retains 232 F g −1 at 20 A g −1 , and shows 96.7% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. As a cathode for zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors, it achieves a specific capacity of 121.2 mAh g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 , a high energy density of 108.8 Wh kg −1 at 19.52 W kg −1 , and maintains 77.76% capacity after 50,000 cycles with near‐100% Coulombic efficiency. This work provides an effective strategy for valorizing industrial and biomass waste to produce tunable carbon materials for high‐performance energy storage devices.