Bonding of Acrylic Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesives and Silicone Elastomers via Surfactant‐Assisted Plasma Activation for Soft Robotics

ABSTRACT Acrylic pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and silicone elastomers are widely used in soft robotics; however, robust bonding between these dissimilar soft materials remains challenging without primers or stiff intermediate layers that compromise compliance. Because these materials provide complementary mechanical and functional properties, reliable integration is essential for expanding soft robot design freedom. Herein, a simple bonding method is presented that eliminates primers and stiff intermediate layers by combining oxygen‐plasma activation of the PSA with surfactant‐assisted interfacial activation of uncured silicone during curing. This approach enables strong bonding while preserving material compliance. The resulting interface achieves an adhesion strength of 0.4 N/mm, approximately fivefold higher than that of the control, while optimization of the surfactant concentration and plasma conditions increases it to 0.5 N/mm. Further optimization of curing conditions increases the adhesion strength to 1.61 N/mm, corresponding to an approximately twentyfold improvement over the control. The bonded interface retains over 90% of its adhesion strength after 72 h under both ambient storage and water immersion. Mechanical characterization confirms that the intrinsic compliance of the PSA and silicone elastomer is largely preserved. The applicability of the method is demonstrated using an electrically driven jellyfish robot that achieves underwater swimming at 2.5 mm/s.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Materials Interfaces
Published
2026-04-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70506
Primary Topic
Soft Robotics and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Bonding of Acrylic Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesives and Silicone Elastomers via Surfactant‐Assisted Plasma Activation for Soft Robotics

Jun Shintake, Mai Sasaoka, Tadatoshi Kurogi, Kengo Kusama et al.
Advanced Materials Interfaces
Soft Robotics and Applications
article

Bonding of Acrylic Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesives and Silicone Elastomers via Surfactant‐Assisted Plasma Activation for Soft Robotics

Jun Shintake, Mai Sasaoka, Tadatoshi Kurogi, Kengo Kusama, Masaru Misumi, Kohei Takada, Kanako Funami, Yui Kumon
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Acrylic pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and silicone elastomers are widely used in soft robotics; however, robust bonding between these dissimilar soft materials remains challenging without primers or stiff intermediate layers that compromise compliance. Because these materials provide complementary mechanical and functional properties, reliable integration is essential for expanding soft robot design freedom. Herein, a simple bonding method is presented that eliminates primers and stiff intermediate layers by combining oxygen‐plasma activation of the PSA with surfactant‐assisted interfacial activation of uncured silicone during curing. This approach enables strong bonding while preserving material compliance. The resulting interface achieves an adhesion strength of 0.4 N/mm, approximately fivefold higher than that of the control, while optimization of the surfactant concentration and plasma conditions increases it to 0.5 N/mm. Further optimization of curing conditions increases the adhesion strength to 1.61 N/mm, corresponding to an approximately twentyfold improvement over the control. The bonded interface retains over 90% of its adhesion strength after 72 h under both ambient storage and water immersion. Mechanical characterization confirms that the intrinsic compliance of the PSA and silicone elastomer is largely preserved. The applicability of the method is demonstrated using an electrically driven jellyfish robot that achieves underwater swimming at 2.5 mm/s.

Advanced Materials Interfaces
Keio University (JP), University of Electro-Communications (JP), Smart Solution (Norway) (NO)
Life below water
Openalex Percentile: Top 13%
Soft Robotics and Applications
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.