Fuel Optimal Orbit Interception via Reachable Domain Rolling Optimization Under Disturbance

This paper presents a long-range orbital interception strategy based on rolling optimization of the reachable domain to mitigate the effects of orbital perturbations and uncertainties in target state measurements. The method first derives an analytical solution for the time-fixed reachable domain by leveraging the universal variable form of Lambert’s problem. This formulation enables millisecond-level computation of the reachable boundary through comprehensive sampling of the velocity maneuver sphere, while reachability assessment is efficiently performed using triangulation-based geometric relationships. Based on this foundation, a rolling optimization scheme dynamically plans fuel-optimal interception trajectories to ensure high precision under perturbed conditions. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method maintains high interception accuracy in complex perturbed environments. Compared to virtual interception point guidance, it achieves an approximately 32% reduction in fuel consumption and a significant improvement in computational efficiency. The proposed approach offers an efficient and practical solution for real-time maneuver decision-making in long-range orbital interception scenarios, showcasing considerable potential for engineering applications.