Revisiting an immunoneuropsychiatry classic: Sydenham’s chorea

INTRODUCTION: Sydenham chorea (SC) is the major neurologic manifestation of rheumatic fever. It is defined by characteristic involuntary movements and frequently associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms that may develop weeks or months following a Group A beta hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) infection. AREAS COVERED: The authors searched PubMed database for recent original studies and systematic reviews on SC pathogenesis, clinical spectrum and therapeutic approaches. EXPERT OPINION: . Plasmapheresis and immunoglobulin have been considered investigational for SC.