Contrasting Aquaculture Systems Shape Distinct Growth and Short-Term Stress-Resistance Trait Clusters in the Red Swamp Crayfish

gene. Our findings demonstrate that the distinct environmental and nutritional conditions of each aquaculture system are linked to specific multi-level adaptation syndromes, presenting a clear trade-off between rapid biomass production and systemic stress resistance (within the 60-day trial period), providing a mechanistic basis for optimizing sustainable practices: integrated systems enhance stock robustness, while intensive systems require strategies to mitigate physiological load.