Sexual functioning in peri/menopausal individuals in age-gap relationships: the mediating effects of relationship satisfaction, masturbation, sexual self-efficacy and well-being

This study aimed to determine whether relationship satisfaction, well-being, masturbation, and sexual self-efficacy mediated the relationship between peri/menopausal symptoms and sexual function among individuals in age-gap or similar-age relationships. One hundred and fifty peri- or post-menopausal participants, aged 25 and over, took part in an online cross-sectional survey that featured questionnaires measuring perceived menopausal symptoms, sexual self-efficacy, well-being, relationship satisfaction, age-gap relationships, and demographic information. The total and direct effect of orgasms on reducing overall peri/menopausal symptoms was significant. Masturbation involving sex toys mediated the relationship between orgasms and peri/menopausal symptoms. Additionally, there was a total and direct effect of sexual satisfaction on peri/menopausal symptoms, mediated by relationship satisfaction and well-being. Higher levels of sexual functioning, particularly sexual arousal and desire, alongside lower levels of peri/menopausal symptoms, including local and sexual symptoms, were reported among those in age-gap relationships with partners at least 7 years younger. Participants in consensual non-monogamous relationships reported higher levels of orgasms and lower menopausal symptoms compared to those in monogamous relationships. Despite the small sample size, this area warrants further exploration to develop suitable psychosexual interventions to support sexual functioning and manage menopausal symptoms among peri/menopausal individuals in diverse relationships.