Optimizing Nusselt number for the utilization of response surface methodology in a hybrid nanofluid flow of viscoelastic fluid over an expanding surface with dissipative heat and classical fourier heat flux

The advanced thermal properties are identified for effective thermal management in various industries in the process of energy applications. The present investigation shows improved thermal properties for the consideration of silver (Ag) and Copper (Cu) nanoparticles in the base liquid water, considering a viscoelastic fluid over an expanding surface mounted with a porous matrix. As a novel approach, classical Fourier heat flux is considered for the assumption of the Cattaneo-Christov model in the energy transport phenomenon with the inclusion of thermal radiation. Moreover, the velocity slip integrating with convective boundary conditions encourages the flow properties. The mathematical model associated with the thermophysical models is presented and the transformation of the governing equation is presented for the assumption of suitable similarity rules. The physical factors presented in the transformed model are described and the computation is obtained by the adaptation of shooting based Runge-Kutta technique. Specially, the heat transfer rate proposed by the computation of local Nusselt number is optimized by the utilization of robust statistical technique i.e. response surface methodology (RSM) integrating with central composite design (CCD) model where the validation is presented by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In this case the response of the Nusselt number is based on three important factors such as the particle concentrations of both the nanoparticles and thermal radiation.