Establishment and validation of a risk scoring model for predicting the risk of bladder stones in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify independent risk factors for bladder stones in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to develop and validate a nomogram prediction model for assessing the risk of bladder stones in this patient population. Methods: Retrospective analysis included 446 BPH patients (106 with bladder stones, 340 without) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (2023-2025). Univariate ROC (receiver operating characteristic), correlation analysis, LASSO regression, and multivariate logistic regression were used for variable screening and model construction. The cohort was split into training (70%) and validation (30%) sets. Model performance was evaluated via AUC (discrimination), calibration curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow test (calibration), and DCA (clinical utility). Results: > 0.05), and robust clinical utility. Conclusion: The nomogram overcomes univariate and multicollinearity limitations, enabling precise individualized risk assessment of bladder stones in BPH patients. It serves as a reliable tool for clinicians to guide personalized monitoring and prevention, potentially reducing incidence and healthcare burdens.