Comparative Analysis of Primary School Building Typologies:

The primary school building represents the initial environment in which students are educated following the domestic environment. Primary school provides students with fundamental instruction. The spatial characteristics of primary school buildings have affected students' academic, social and cognitive development. The aim of this study is to compare the spatial characteristics of primary school buildings of different typologies that have been implemented as standardized school building design in Turkey. The present study encompasses a sample of four primary school buildings of types I, L, U and E in Diyarbakır. The present study employed space syntax theory to analyze school buildings. Space syntax was used to conduct analyses of connectivity, Integration, Isovist and Step Depth. The analyses were assessed based on the spatial layout standards established by the author, which were derived from academic research as well as national and international design criteria. According to the connectivity and integration values of the schools, it can be said that U and I type school buildings have the most appropriate planning strategy according to spatial layout standards. Within the scope of the step depth analysis carried out for the evaluation of the distance of the recess areas to the classrooms, it was determined that the most suitable building typology was E type. The evaluation of the general typology and spatial configuration of the schools will serve as a reference for the design of future educational buildings, providing insights into optimal spatial organization and functionality