Developing Emericellopsis sp. XJ1056 as a versatile fungal platform for high-yield biosynthesis of nonribosomal peptides: a case study on beauvericin

Introduction: Beauvericin is a cyclodepsipeptide with insecticidal, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities, yet its application is limited by low yields. Filamentous fungi represent promising cell factories for complex natural products, but constraints in genetic manipulation and productivity hinder their widespread use. Methods: promoter to supply the precursor D-hydroxyisovaleric acid (D-Hiv). Fermentation conditions were optimized, and strategies including split expression and codon optimization were evaluated. Results: . Discussion: This study achieves the highest beauvericin yield reported to date and establishes a generalizable platform for the heterologous production of diverse nonribosomal peptides (NRPs), with broad implications for sustainable biomanufacturing and natural product discovery.