Advanced flexible brain computer interface materials: From development to application

Abstract With the continuous advancement of technology, Brain‐Computer Interface (BCI) technology has demonstrated tremendous potential in various fields, including entertainment, healthcare, education, and human‐computer interaction, thereby bringing revolutionary changes to human life. BCI is an emerging technology that enables direct communication and control of external devices by the human brain through the analysis of brain waves or neural signals. Despite the rapid development of BCI technology over the past decade, it still faces several bottleneck issues, such as the accurate acquisition and decoupling of signals, biocompatibility, and the cost of equipment. Considering the performance, size, and durability requirements of BCI, the development of new low‐cost materials that offer excellent sensing capabilities, electrical performance, and biocompatibility is crucial for promoting the large‐scale commercial application of BCI materials and facilitating the rapid advancement of BCI technology. This paper summarizes the development processes of new BCI materials, including hydrogel, graphene, and novel electrode coatings, and systematically introduces the progress in BCI technology brought about by these materials, along with their advanced applications in medical and entertainment fields. Furthermore, the development trends of new BCI devices and their positive impact on future human life are discussed in detail, providing systematic recommendations for the advancement of new BCI materials and BCI technology.