Association between 24-h activity patterns and inhibitory control in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study based on chronic disease status

Objective: This study examines the associations of 24-h activity patterns and chronic disease status with inhibitory control in community-dwelling older adults, and as a secondary analysis further explores whether the association differs according to chronic disease status. Method: A cross-sectional design was employed to facilitate sampling, enrolling 121 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years (75 females; 86 with chronic diseases; mean age 71.4 ± 6.5 years). 24-h activity patterns were recorded with accelerometers, and inhibitory control was measured using the Stroop task. Questionnaires provided information on chronic disease status and other covariates. Component data analysis was applied to explore the relationships between daily activity patterns, chronic disease conditions, and inhibitory control. Results were also examined separately for participants with and without chronic diseases, including group comparisons and proportional substitution analyses. Results: = 0.0009), consistent with the main results. Conclusion: In older adults' 24-h activity patterns, a greater relative share of MVPA was associated with better inhibitory control, whereas having chronic diseases was independently related to poorer inhibitory control. No significant interaction was found, and the stratified results should be viewed with caution and validated in larger studies with longer follow-up.