Faecal microbiota transplantation and glucolipid metabolic disorders: the interventional role of gut microbiota

Glucolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD) have emerged as a significant global public health issue, posing a significant threat to human health. With changes in modern social structures and an ageing population, the incidence of GLMD is on the rise and is increasingly affecting younger populations. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) directly modifies the gut microbiota to reestablish its equilibrium and metabolites, consequently reinstating gut barrier integrity, mitigating chronic low-grade inflammation, and affecting the onset and progression of GLMD through the regulation of the gut-liver axis. This paper reviews the application of FMT in the treatment of GLMD, emphasizing research outcomes and efficacy assessments in clinical trials and animal studies. As a simple and secure intervention, FMT is anticipated to provide new therapeutic alternatives for GLMD patients in the future with the deepening of relevant research, the screening of specific probiotics and the revelation of functional mechanisms. This paper aims to clarify the potential mechanism of FMT in addressing GLMD, summarise recent research developments in this field, and anticipate the opportunities and challenges of FMT in clinical application.