Prenatal Consultation Practices in the United States for Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the current practice of prenatal consultations for parents expecting an infant with cleft lip and/or palate in the United States. Method: This study utilized a prospective survey and collected anonymous data. The survey was created and distributed using Qualtrics, which included 22 questions organized into four sections: (a) screening, (b) consent, (c) demographics, and (d) survey content. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. A total of 59 surveys were included, and a range of professionals participated, such as speech-language pathologists, nurses, nurse practitioners, plastic surgeons, physician assistants, social workers, team coordinators, and genetics. Results: Feeding techniques and explanation of the cleft condition were found to be the most discussed topics across providers. Dr. Brown's Specialty Feeding System was the most frequently discussed and provided specialized feeding bottle, frequently accompanied by guidance on breastfeeding and bottle-feeding techniques. Unique findings include a two-visit prenatal consultation model and the underutilization of resources such as support groups and lactation consultants. Conclusions: While many providers discuss feeding, surgical planning, and emotional support, areas such as financial assistance and lactation are less frequently addressed. Incorporating providers such as lactation consultants and discussing topics such as Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children may help bridge these gaps. Additionally, establishing essential topics to be addressed during each prenatal consultation can ensure consistency across teams while allowing providers the discretion to tailor how this information is communicated.