Veterinary Clinic Longevity and the Role of Local Amenities

Abstract This study examines the determinants of veterinary clinic closures across urban and rural communities in the United States, analyzing a unique longitudinal dataset of over 11,000 veterinary practices. Findings indicate that large-animal clinics are more likely to close than small or mixed-animal practices, especially in rural areas. Larger clinics and those in metropolitan counties have improved survival rates. The presence of local amenities – particularly shopping outlets and higher-quality schools – is associated with lower closure rates. The results highlight the importance of community amenities in supporting veterinary practice sustainability and access to veterinary care.