Substance use predictors of arrest and self-reported criminal behavior in the United States: The role of psychedelics and rarely used drugs

BACKGROUND: Little research investigates the role of rarely used drugs in criminal offending. Moreover, given research suggesting that psychedelics reduce criminal offending, more research is needed to further document connections between psychedelics and crime. AIM: This study examines the role of rarely used drugs in criminal behavior and extends previous research on psychedelics by incorporating additional substance use measures, including youth respondents, and analyzing self-reported crime as well as arrests. METHODS: = 544,740), a nationally representative US survey, logistic regressions were performed testing whether substance use measures predicted arrest for various offenses and self-reported crimes after controlling for multiple covariates. RESULTS: were associated with increased odds of some offenses but decreased odds of others. For minors, psychedelics were mainly associated with increased odds of arrest, as protective effects were almost entirely absent. Psychedelics were associated with reduced odds of arrest for whites far more than for minorities. CONCLUSIONS: PCP use was strongly associated with violent offending. This study's mixed findings on psychedelics indicate a need for further research to clarify causal connections between psychedelics and crime-related outcomes.