Systematic review: inclusivity and sustainability in educational spaces through technology

Introduction This systematic review investigates the role of technology in advancing inclusivity and sustainability in educational spaces. Methods A structured methodology was applied to analyze 20 studies published between 2015 and 2025, sourced from IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and ScienceDirect. Results The findings reveal that technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), adaptive platforms, and the Edu-Metaverse enhance inclusion by personalizing learning, overcoming physical and cognitive barriers, and improving access for disadvantaged communities. Sustainability is supported through smart infrastructure, neuroarchitecture principles, and alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4, 10, and 17. However, limited integration between neuroarchitecture, sustainability, and inclusion was identified, along with a lack of long-term impact assessment. Discussion The results highlight the potential of technology to transform educational spaces into more inclusive and sustainable environments. Nevertheless, challenges related to scalability, equitable access, and interdisciplinary integration remain. Future research should focus on developing holistic frameworks and culturally adaptive solutions to bridge these gaps. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/f5rxq