Smoking, Nutritional Status, and Their Associations with Hypertension and Hematological Disorders Among Hotel Workers: Implications for Indonesian Occupational Health Nursing

Smoking remains one of the leading preventable causes of chronic disease and premature workplace mortality worldwide. This study examined the association between smoking and nutritional status and hypertension and hematological disorders among hotel workers and occupational health nurses' role in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study examined associations between smoking, nutritional status, and selected health outcomes among 366 hotel workers in Indonesia using routine medical check-up data. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of smoking status and body mass index (BMI) categories with hypertension and hematological abnormalities (leukocytosis and anemia), after adjusting for age, gender, and job level. Older workers (40-69 years) and those categorized as overweight or obese had higher odds of hypertension than younger workers and those with normal BMI (ORs 2.63 and 1.37, respectively). Smoking was associated with a higher risk of leukocytosis (OR 0.395), reflecting increased risk among smokers due to variable coding. Older age and overweight status were strong predictors of hypertension, whereas smoking was associated with increased leukocytosis among hotel workers. These findings highlight the need for targeted OH interventions. Occupational health nurses should collaborate with management to strengthen WHP programs that encourage healthier lifestyles among employees.