Association between CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms at rs4646903 and rs1048943 loci and susceptibility to prostate cancer: meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the associations between C allele of CYP1A1 rs4646903 (T>C) and G allele of CYP1A1 rs1048943 (A>G) polymorphisms and prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility under different genetic models. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from inception to December 31, 2024. Eligible case-control studies were selected. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Fifteen studies for rs4646903 and 14 studies for rs1048943 were included. For rs4646903 (T>C): The dominant model (CC+CT vs TT) showed that carrying the C allele was associated with increased PCa risk (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.13-1.71, P = 0.002). For rs1048943 (A>G): Carrying the G allele was associated with decreased PCa risk in multiple models: allele model (G vs A: OR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.71-0.90, P<0.001); homozygous model (GG vs AA: OR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.42-0.76, P<0.001); dominant model (GA+GG vs AA: OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.55-0.94, P = 0.02); recessive model (GG vs GA+AA: OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.62-0.99, P = 0.04). Conclusion: The C allele of CYP1A1 rs4646903 may increase PCa risk under the dominant model. The G allele of CYP1A1 rs1048943 may reduce PCa risk across multiple genetic models.