Life satisfaction, regret, and death reflection among older adults in Turkey: a qualitative study within Erikson’s framework of ego integrity

Background: Erikson's psychosocial theory of development conceptualizes the final stage of Ego Integrity versus Despair as a crucial process in achieving psychological well-being during late adulthood. However, the cultural expressions of this developmental conflict remain insufficiently explored, particularly in non-Western and collectivist societies such as Turkey. Objective: This study aimed to examine life satisfaction, regrets, and reflections on death among older adults in Turkey within Erikson's psychosocial framework of ego integrity. Methods: Using a qualitative research design, the study analyzed open-ended written narratives collected from 48 participants aged 65 and above, residing in different regions of Turkey. Data were examined through a three-phase thematic coding process. More than 100 unique codes were identified and categorized into twelve overarching themes that represented shared psychosocial experiences. Results: Participants most frequently expressed gratitude ("I'm glad I did") for experiences related to family formation, child-rearing, professional achievements, and adherence to moral and religious values. Regrets were largely associated with missed educational opportunities, relational disruptions-particularly within marriage-and health neglect. Reflections on death ranged from faith-based acceptance and existential fear to feelings of incompletion and the desire for a dignified death.