Spatial Dynamics and Ecological Health of Lantebung Mangrove Ecosystem, in Bira Village, Makassar, Indonesia

The mangrove ecosystem is crucial for coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the spatial dynamics and health of the Lantebung Mangrove Ecosystem in Bira Village, Makassar from 2017 to 2023, using the Mangrove Health Index (MHI) derived from satellite imagery to assess changes in mangrove area, evaluate health using Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Green Chlorophyll Index (GCI), Structure Insensitive Pigment Index (SIPI), and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) indices, and identify influencing factors, including urbanization, pollution, and conservation efforts. The analysis used Landsat 8 imagery to calculate MHI values and classify health levels. The results showed an increase in mangrove area from 14.45 ha in 2017 to 18.19 ha in 2023, attributed to effective conservation programs. However, MHI values fluctuated, peaking at 370.32 in 2020 and declining to 148.60 in 2023, indicating persistent environmental pressures. This research underscored the need for integrated management practices to enhance mangrove health and resilience against urbanization, pollution, and climate change. The results underscored the importance of remote sensing for monitoring and guiding conservation strategies in the mangrove ecosystem.