A snapshot review on Pd-based bimetallic nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation reactions

Abstract The growing imperative for sustainable energy solutions has spurred extensive research into direct alcohol fuel cells. While platinum (Pt) has been the traditional electrocatalyst for alcohol oxidation reactions, its high cost, scarcity, and susceptibility to CO poisoning present significant challenges for widespread adoption. Palladium (Pd) and Pd-based bimetallic nanoparticles have emerged as promising alternatives due to their comparable catalytic activity and enhanced CO tolerance. This review synthesizes recent findings on Pd-based bimetallic systems as advanced electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation reactions in alkaline media. The synthesis methodologies, structural characterization, and electrochemical performance, highlighting the synergistic effects between Pd and other metals that lead to improved catalytic activity, CO tolerance, and long-term durability are presented. The evidence suggests that rationally designed Pd-based bimetallic nanostructures offer a viable and cost-effective pathway to overcome current limitations in fuel cell technology. Graphical Abstract