Combinatorial engineering of substrate-independent superamphiphobic coating platform for gasotransmitters

• Zinc-enabled superamphiphobic surfaces with fluorinated micro/nanostructures. • Low‑surface energy coatings achieve ∼ 160° water and ∼ 150° oil repellency. • Enables superamphiphobic effect across diverse substates and liquids. • Catalytic nitric oxide generation via zinc-driven S -nitrosothiol decomposition. • Combines passive super-repellency with active nitric oxide release. The issue of foulants spans across multiple sectors, from healthcare to marine and food industries, contributing to reduced material longevity. A promising solution is superamphiphobic coatings; however, their broader applications are hindered by complex fabrication methods, limited substrate adhesion, and chemical instability. To address these issues, this study presents a novel hierarchical superamphiphobic surface coating that integrates fluorinated silicon dioxide and zinc oxide particles. The coating demonstrated exceptional water repellency (≈160°) and oil repellency (≈150°), retaining these properties for 24 h under highly acidic conditions and after mechanical abrasion. The coating’s performance extended across various substrates, including gasotransmitter-loaded surfaces, and a wide range of solvents. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent antimicrobial agent with established therapeutic applications, and its incorporation into polymers offers a promising strategy for enhancing the functionality of medical devices. Uniquely, this superamphiphobic coating leverages zinc’s ability to catalyze the decomposition of S-nitrosothiols and enhance NO catalysis. This study introduces a multifunctional coating that, as a novel superamphiphobic NO-catalyzing surface, resists fouling. This advancement broadens the potential applications of superamphiphobic materials in both biomedical and industrial settings.