Performance Evaluation of Conventional and Advanced Wastewater Treatment Methods for Improved Effluent Quality

Wastewater treatment is essential for environmental protection and sustainable water management. This study evaluates the efficiency of conventional treatment methods such as primary and secondary treatment along with advanced tertiary techniques. Parameters such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and pH were analyzed. The results indicate that while conventional methods significantly reduce organic load, advanced treatments further enhance water quality to meet discharge standards. The study highlights the importance of integrating modern techniques for effective wastewater management.