Evaluation of short-term outcomes of Endoscopic Super-Hemorrhoidal Banding for mixed hemorrhoids with prolapsed internal hemorrhoids: a retrospective study

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Endoscopic Super-hemorrhoidal Banding (ESHB) in treating mixed hemorrhoids with Grade II-IV internal hemorrhoid prolapse as the main symptom. A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of patients with mixed hemorrhoids treated in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2024. They were divided into two groups: patients underwent Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (MMH) as the control group, and patients underwent ESHB as the observation group. Treatment outcomes included efficacy measurement, operative time, hospital stay, postoperative anal pain scores, and incidence of complications like bleeding and urinary retention were compared. 245 patients underwent Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (MMH) and 235 patients underwent ESHB. The cure rates were 69.36% in the ESHB group and 72.65% in the MMH group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The observation group had significantly shorter operative time and hospital stay (P < 0.01), lower postoperative anal pain scores and incidence of urinary retention (P < 0.01). One patient in each group had severe postoperative bleeding, which stopped after surgical suture or endoscopic titanium clip closure. Short-term follow-up indicates that ESHB can effectively reposition the prolapsed anal cushions, preserve the anatomical structure and functional integrity of the anal cushions, alleviate symptoms associated with mixed hemorrhoids primarily characterized by internal hemorrhoid prolapse, shorten both the operative time and hospital stay, and reduce patients’ postoperative anal pain scores as well as the incidence of postoperative complications. It is an effective, safe, and simple minimally invasive treatment method; however, its long-term efficacy still requires further validation. This was a retrospective observational study. Trial registration was performed retrospectively (registration no.: NCT06250140; registration date: January 31, 2024).