Economic Assessment of Environmental Damage during Construction and Operation of Linear Facilities in Permafrost Bogs

Development of transport and engineering infrastructure in the Arctic and Subarctic zones causes significant transformations of cryogenic landscapes, especially soil-geocryological complexes of permafrost bogs. In the study, methods of geoinformation analysis (using ArcMap, QGIS, and Google Earth Engine programs) were used to estimate the degradation dynamics of peat mounds and polygons in three key Subarctic areas located in the zones of discontinuous and continuous permafrost. Quantitative characteristics were determined for the anthropogenic impact parameters in areas of mechanical disturbances (roadbeds and technological embankments). The total environmental damage caused by surface sealing and the destruction of vegetation and soil surface horizons was calculated. The research results are important for developing adaptive strategies for nature management and minimizing damage from the construction and operation of linear facilities in the Arctic and Subarctic in a changing climate.