Molecular characterisation and genetic diversity in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) using SSR markers

Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is India's third most important pulse crop, accounting for nearly 16 % of total pulse area. Mungbean is grown in almost all the states. India is the major producer of mungbean in the world. Mungbean crop diversity and mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) afflicted area has continuously raised since the mid-1990s. Because of its sensitivity to the MYMV, the average yield of mungbean is poor. Mungbean yellow mosaic virus disease (MYMD) is caused by the MYMV, which is transferred by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). Several types of molecular markers have been used for breeding in mungbean, among which SSR markers have rapidly become a preferred type of molecular marker for germplasm analysis because SSR markers are locus specific, highly polymorphic due to their co-dominant nature. In the current study, a total of 12 genotypes were assessed against the MYMV in Kharif, 2021, together with the susceptible control local mungbean. The detection of genetic variation in mungbean genotypes was effectively done using a total of 14 SSR markers. Disease resistance phenotypes and SSR marker analyses showed a good correlation. Phenotypic screening identified nine resistant, 2 moderately resistant and one susceptible genotype (LGG450). Molecular analysis revealed that 12 out of 14 SSR markers were polymorphic, with polymorphism information content (PI values ​​ranging from 0.15 to 0.63 (average 0.38). These findings demonstrate a high degree of genetic variability across various mungbean genotypes, to improve the resistance of the mungbean genotypes to MYMV, resistance genotypes identified to be useful.