A Bibliometric Analysis of Financial Empowerment, Self-efficacy and Cultural Dimensions Among Working Women: Insights from 2014 to 2024

Over the past decade, research on financial empowerment, self-efficacy, and cultural dimensions among working women has expanded significantly, yet existing reviews often focus on isolated aspects within these domains. This study takes a broader approach by mapping the intellectual structure of research on these topics, identifying influential authors, key research themes, and future research directions. Using bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer and Biblioshiny, a systematic review of Scopus-indexed studies from 2014 to 2024 was conducted, incorporating citation analysis, keyword analysis, cluster analysis, and three-field plot analysis. The findings highlight four major research clusters: financial literacy and empowerment, self-efficacy and financial behaviours, gender and cultural influences in financial decision-making, and post-COVID financial resilience. While early research emphasised financial literacy and gender disparities, recent studies increasingly explore the relationship between financial empowerment, self-efficacy, and cultural frameworks. The study identifies significant contributions from key authors/institutions and highlights emerging trends, underscoring the need for more cross-cultural comparisons and deeper integration of behavioural and cultural theories. As the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field, this study provides valuable insights into the evolution of research on financial empowerment among working women and lays the groundwork for future studies exploring behavioural, cultural, and policy-driven aspects of financial well-being.