Paper2_Quark Mass Hierarchy and CKM Mixing in the β Framework

This paper develops the quark block of the beta framework with a deliberately narrow scope: the visible quark Yukawa hierarchy, the flavor-space mass matrices, and the emergence of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. The starting point is a structural law where the channel beta organizes the Yukawa spectrum through an exponential ordering controlled by sector amplitudes and structural indices. The manuscript follows a step-by-step methodology: first, mapping observed quark masses into effective structural indices; second, explicitly writing the quark Yukawa Lagrangian and the resulting mass matrices (Mu and Md) after electroweak symmetry breaking; and third, deriving the CKM matrix from the mismatch between the up and down sector diagonalizations. A controlled benchmark branch is presented that reproduces the observed hierarchy of |Vus|, |Vcb|, and |Vub|, together with a nonzero quark CP phase and the corresponding Jarlskog invariant. The result is a disciplined effective realization showing that the quark mass hierarchy and CKM mixing can be organized inside one common structural language.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-04-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19561540
Primary Topic
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Paper2_Quark Mass Hierarchy and CKM Mixing in the β Framework

Douglas Hernandez
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
article

Paper2_Quark Mass Hierarchy and CKM Mixing in the β Framework

Douglas Hernandez
article en

Abstract

This paper develops the quark block of the beta framework with a deliberately narrow scope: the visible quark Yukawa hierarchy, the flavor-space mass matrices, and the emergence of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. The starting point is a structural law where the channel beta organizes the Yukawa spectrum through an exponential ordering controlled by sector amplitudes and structural indices. The manuscript follows a step-by-step methodology: first, mapping observed quark masses into effective structural indices; second, explicitly writing the quark Yukawa Lagrangian and the resulting mass matrices (Mu and Md) after electroweak symmetry breaking; and third, deriving the CKM matrix from the mismatch between the up and down sector diagonalizations. A controlled benchmark branch is presented that reproduces the observed hierarchy of |Vus|, |Vcb|, and |Vub|, together with a nonzero quark CP phase and the corresponding Jarlskog invariant. The result is a disciplined effective realization showing that the quark mass hierarchy and CKM mixing can be organized inside one common structural language.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 6%
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
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