Sustainable Styling Trends in Electric Two-Wheelers Based on Fuzzy Semantic Mapping

In the field of two-wheeled electric vehicle styling design, accurately capturing stylistic evolution trends provides a critical link between user esthetic preferences and sustainable design strategies. Style forecasting in this field relies heavily on subjective experience, with a lack of systematic methods grounded in user semantic perception. To address this issue, in this study, we constructed a framework for analyzing style trends with sustainability as the key explanatory dimension. We selected ten best-selling models from the 2025 market as subjects. Through a literature review and designer interviews, a database of 120 initial stylistic descriptors was established. Following a two-round Delphi method involving 10 experts, 40 representative adjectives were ultimately identified, forming 20 semantic difference scales. Based on semantic difference evaluation data from valid questionnaires, factor analysis identified four core stylistic imagery dimensions—simplicity, technological feel, approachability, and lightness—which collectively explained 73.6% of the total variance. The stylistic features of each vehicle model were deconstructed and coded, and triangular fuzzy number operations were used to calculate quantitative scores for each model across these dimensions. The data show that V09 (Niubility SQi 2025) scored highest on the “technological feel” dimension (2.25), V05 (Ninebot Mz MIX) scored highest on the “simplicity” dimension (2.17), V03 (Aima Luna W290) scored highest on the “approachability” dimension (2.08), and V10 (Lvyuan S90) scored highest on the “lightness” dimension (2.00). We found that models with high sustainability potential scored significantly higher on the “simplicity” and “approachability” dimensions, exhibiting common visual characteristics such as restrained decorative elements and integrated forms. This study provides a replicable methodological model for style trend analysis in the field of industrial design. By leveraging the mediating role of user semantic perception, it reveals the co-evolutionary patterns between design styles and sustainable consumption values, offering a structured approach and logical framework for research on the “style–cognition–sustainability” triadic relationship.