Q-Needle-Assisted Intraductal Injection Enhances Dacryoendoscopic Surgery for Primary Acquired Lacrimal Drainage Obstruction: A Retrospective Study

: The improved outcomes in the secretory group suggest a potential role of combined antiproliferative and multi-phase anti-inflammatory therapy in effectively addressing the key mechanisms of restenosis. Q-needle-assisted intraductal injection during DER may represent a simple and safe adjunctive approach to improve surgical consistency and long-term patency in patients with PALDO.