Ecological strategies determine continuous cropping susceptibility in Panax and Achyranthes

Introduction: Medicinal plants frequently suffer from severe continuous cropping problems, yet it remains unclear whether divergent ecological strategies underlie species-specific susceptibility to this problem. Methods: fold change relative to uncultivated controls. Results: FC = +0.74), and it enriched beneficial Actinobacteria by 15-85% and Hypocreales fungi. Its networks retained structural stability, with negative correlations of 12.7-18.6%. Plant species explained 60.5% of bacterial and 46.2% of fungal community variation, overwhelmingly exceeding the effect of soil compartment. Conclusion: adopts a resource-conservative strategy that fosters resilient communities. This ecological framework offers a predictive basis for developing tailored microbiome management in medicinal plant cultivation.