Artificial Intelligence in Spine Imaging Interpretation

Spinal disorders, one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, are routinely assessed on imaging studies. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence for spine imaging interpretation may significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and workflow efficiency, using deep learning and conventional machine learning methods. This narrative review focuses on the innovative artificial intelligence applications in spine imaging interpretation with a pathology-based approach: vertebral fractures, spinal deformities, degenerative disease, skeletal tumors, inflammatory disorders, and opportunistic screening. We provide musculoskeletal radiologists with an up-to-date overview of artificial intelligence applications in spine imaging, thus assisting them in an efficient use of these emerging technologies and promoting clinical adoption.