The Evolution of Giant Clam Science: From Foundational Studies to Emerging Frontiers

ABSTRACT Giant clams (subfamily Tridacnidae) are iconic Indo‐Pacific bivalves that play essential ecological, cultural and economic roles in coral reef ecosystems. Over nearly two centuries of research from early taxonomic records in the mid‐1800s to the rapidly expanding literature of the 2000s, scientific interest in giant clams has grown substantially, reaching a peak in 2020. On the basis of a comprehensive review of published studies, the research is dominated by ecology, aquaculture, physiology, genomics and biomineralization, reflecting the species’ importance in reef function, symbiosis, nutrient cycling and environmental monitoring. In contrast, anatomical studies and biotechnology remain limited, and only a single study to date has explored cryopreservation applications. This review synthesizes major research trends, identifies key knowledge gaps and highlights the underdeveloped potential of applied biotechnologies. The analysis provides a framework for future research directions, emphasizing the need for conservation strategies, climate resilience studies and innovative biotechnological tools that could support restoration and long‐term preservation of giant clam biodiversity.