Understanding the Chemosensory and Detoxification Mechanisms in the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

-transferases (GSTs), and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and the stress-related heat shock proteins (HSPs) genes. Differential expression analysis identified 7222, 7763, and 6105 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the head, gut, and wings/midlegs, respectively, between ME-responsive and ME-non-responsive males. Notably, CYPs, UGTs, and HSPs involved in detoxification and stress response were significantly downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that CYPs were significantly enriched in metabolic detoxification pathways. These findings reveal a complex molecular interplay between olfaction and detoxification and suggest that ME induces coordinated genetic pathways supporting survival, reproduction, and environmental adaptability. This knowledge provides a foundation for the development of eco-friendly pest management strategies targeting these molecular mechanisms.