A Robust Zn-MOF Integrating Selective Luminescence Detection and On-Site Visual Monitoring of PNP and BNPP in Water

p-Nitrophenol (PNP) and bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP), as typical persistent and toxic organic contaminants, present significant risks to both ecological systems and human health. Accurately quantifying these compounds using luminescent sensors remains a formidable task. In this study, we successfully synthesized a zinc-based metal–organic framework (Zn-MOF) that functions as a luminescent sensing material. The synthesized Zn-MOF demonstrates exceptional dual-response luminescent detection toward PNP and BNPP, with detection limits as low as 3.49 × 10−6 and 8.43 × 10−6 mol/L, respectively. The sensor maintains high selectivity and functionality even in the presence of various potentially interfering substances commonly found in complex environmental samples. Moreover, the material can be fabricated into a visual sensing film, greatly facilitating its application in on-site rapid detection scenarios. Overall, this work introduces a novel luminescent sensor platform that enables fast and reliable monitoring of PNP and BNPP in environmental contexts, demonstrating strong potential for integration into real-time surveillance and early warning systems.