Malaria Parasitemia and Associated Risk Factors in Primary School Children in A Southeastern Nigerian

Malaria is a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where children are disproportionately affected. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of malaria parasitemia and its associated risk factors among primary school children in Nawfia, a community in Anambra state. The study enrolled 120 primary school children aged 8-15. Malaria parasitemia was diagnosed using microscopic examination of thick blood smears, and potential risk factors were collected through structured questionnaires. The results revealed a high prevalence of malaria parasitemia among primary school children in Nawfia, with 91.7% (n=110) testing positive for malaria. Bivariate analysis identified the presence of bushes surrounding the house as the only significant risk factor linked to malaria infection in the area (p<0.05). In contrast, other measured factors, such as proximity to stagnant water bodies, limited use of indoor residual spraying, and exposure of the body at night, were not found to be significantly correlated with malaria infection (p>0.05). The identified risk factor suggests that malaria control measures in the community should focus on environmental management. Therefore, it is essential to educate communities about proper sanitation and malaria prevention strategies to achieve sustainable reductions in malaria transmission.